What is LASIK ?

LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) is a refractive surgery designed to correct vision problems like nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), and astigmatism. It aims to improve visual acuity and reduce or eliminate dependence on glasses or contact lenses. The procedure uses a laser to reshape the cornea, the clear front part of the eye, altering the way light focuses on the retina.

The LASIK Surgical Process: A Step-by-Step Guide

The LASIK procedure involves a series of carefully executed steps:

Pre-operative Evaluation: Determining Candidacy

A thorough pre-operative evaluation is critical to determine if LASIK is the right choice for you. This evaluation includes:

• Comprehensive Eye Exam: Assessing overall eye health.
• Corneal Thickness Measurement: Ensuring sufficient corneal tissue for the procedure.
• Corneal Shape Assessment: Mapping the cornea's surface to identify any irregularities.
• Refractive Error Determination: Accurately measuring nearsightedness, farsightedness, or astigmatism.

During this evaluation, your doctor will discuss the risks and benefits of LASIK and answer any questions you may have.

Creating the Corneal Flap: Accessing the Treatment Area

A thin, hinged flap is created on the cornea's surface using either a microkeratome (a bladed instrument) or a femtosecond laser.

• Microkeratome: A traditional blade-based instrument for creating the flap.
• Femtosecond Laser: A more precise laser that allows for customized flap thickness and shape, potentially leading to improved outcomes.

The corneal flap is carefully folded back to expose the underlying corneal tissue.

Reshaping the Cornea: Correcting Vision

An excimer laser is used to precisely reshape the underlying corneal tissue. This laser removes microscopic amounts of tissue, correcting the refractive error (nearsightedness, farsightedness, or astigmatism). The laser's actions are guided by a computer programmed with the pre-operative measurements.

Replacing the Corneal Flap: Natural Healing

After the cornea is reshaped, the corneal flap is carefully repositioned. It adheres to the underlying tissue naturally, without the need for stitches.

Post-operative Care: Ensuring Optimal Healing

Post-operative care is essential for proper healing and optimal vision improvement. This typically involves:

• Eye Drops: Prescribed antibiotics and steroids to prevent infection and inflammation.
• Follow-up Appointments: Scheduled visits to monitor healing progress and vision.

Procedure Duration

The entire LASIK procedure typically takes only about 15-20 minutes per eye. However, the pre-operative evaluation and post-operative care are equally important components of the entire process.